MDCM (B) write up Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MDCM (B) write up - Case Study Example & Norton, J. F., â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†). Along with defining, prioritizing and framing useful recommendations, the paper also constitutes a score card in order to evaluate each prioritized projects and also comparing the prescribed projects using the Portfolio Application Model Matrix (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†). The MDCM corporate board should keep prime focus upon defining, initiating and prioritizing top IT projects that should support or help MDCM’s strategic business goals in order to compensate huge losses that the organization faced during the last five successive years. In this connection, the MDCM board should assess their prioritized projects initiative that would ultimately provide high value and low risk towards the business organization. Moreover, the corporate board of MDCM should lay emphasis upon the long-term competitive advantage of the organization along with tackling the risk issues that are mainly associated or related with them (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†). The most appropriate IT project initiatives that MDCM analyses can become a part in order to improve its global IT. The organization took the initiative on unifying its methodology and technical values. The corporate team of MDCM wanted to eliminate the numerous different standards and IT methodologies that are prevailing across the company. This approach would help them to reduce the project sequence and encourage information distribution across IT development teams. This initiative was very much essential for MDCM in order to improve the future system development capability of the organization (Jeffery, M. & Norton, J. F., â€Å"MDCM, Inc. (B): Strategic IT Portfolio Management†). The other significant project initiative of

Early Retirement Plan Essay Example for Free

Early Retirement Plan Essay This paper presents early retirement plan, one classical and very popular case which takes place internationally and a part of the business and financial strategy of different kind of enterprises, especially the very large ones. This project entails a detailed discussion and financial or accounting application on the proposed alternative strategies and the data derived by the financial statements. As a reply to the Chairmans memorandum, bearing in mind the academic content of the program of Financial Reporting Management Accounting, the early retirement plan issue in the financial and accounting function of the organization blends with the theoretical aspects with the practical situation that the organization is currently facing. It is said that â€Å"a country, which is unable to develop its people and utilize them effectively in the national economy, would be unable to develop anything else† (Dosi, Winter, 2002). As a new labor economist, let me first define what a human resource is. This refers to the number of people and their level of skills. Human capital is related to this which is defined as the productive investments embodied in human persons, and it includes the abilities, skills, ideals, and health resulting from expenditures on education, training, attitude towards work, among others. In matching employers and employees, employees will try to get to the highest levels of utility possible (Blanchard Katz, 1997, p. 3). They will choose that indifference curve that gives them the maximum level of utility. However, they are constrained by what employers are willing to offer. The less risk the lower the wage and the higher the risk the greater the wage rate. Firms on the other hand try to maximize profits. On the other hand given that the labor market is economical they can not present higher than market rates for the reason that their expenditures will be collegial and they will be driven out of commerce by near to the ground asking price of manufacturers. If they offer to low a wage then they will not be able to attract any workers. Thus their profits are usually normal because of the competitive nature of the market. The net effects for wage increase are the following: if substitution effect is greater than income effect, then hours of work rise, and if substitution effect is less than income effect, then hours of work fall (Aoki Yoshikawa, 2003, p. 39). If a worker is enthusiastic about his or her job, this represents that an increase in the wage rate will cause a person to work more which involves substitution effect. In spite of this, if extended work time turns out to be the custom in a community, these periods in all probability are not intentional and it stands for a lack of spare time. Even though specific people may reduce their hours of work as the market wage rises, labor supply curves of specific labor markets generally are positively sloped over realistic wage ranges. Higher relative wages attract workers away from either household production, leisure, or other labor markets and toward the labor market in which the wage increased. While there are people who have positive relationship of wage rate and work hours and some have inverse relationship of the two, there are also people who have backward-bending labor supply curves. It occurs when the labor supply curve is positively sloped in some ranges of the wage and negatively sloped in other ranges. If the replacement upshot is larger than the revenue consequence, the work supply curve will incline rising to the right side. This person will persist to add to his supply of work services as the pay rate rises up to a position where he is functioning definite hours. Further than this spot he will begin to decrease the quantity of work time he provides. Where the supply curve is sloping upwards to the right, the affirmative salary elasticity of work supply, the changeover outcome is larger than the returns result as stated by Belot and Ours, 2000, p. 76). The opposite upshot occurs when it slopes upwards to the left. The track of incline may alter more than once for a quantity of persons, and the work supply curve is to be expected to be dissimilar for diverse persons. Other factors that have an effect on this choice take in dues, wellbeing or interests, and labor milieu. An example is a student working more, since more work hours means more income or higher wage. A low wage rate means smaller quantity of work chances for young people, who are apt to take part-time jobs to have less of a connection to the work market. Quite the reverse, the result on low-wage elders, who almost certainly have a robust regard to the personnel, chiefly crops up through a decrease in labor time. Either means, nevertheless, the ending of most interest-earned revenue is alike, with off-putting upshots of least amount of pays apparent for those originally were at the smallest amount or salaries just above it. From the strategic market planning, firms may come up with good marketing study. Consumer examination responds to principal inquiries concerning every definite item for consumption or service offered in the market. Crucial contender investigation and SWOT analysis may be applied. By this SWOT study, it characterizes the classification and taking the full advantage of the strengths, curtailing the weaknesses, making the most out of opportunities, and offsetting the threats (Julien, Kennes, King, 2000, p. 619). The yield of a firm SWOT examination will help various business ventures in forming their marketing ideas and purposes. At this instant with the strategic planning tools at hand, primarily, business enterprises can now set up, design, and prepare long term aspects for multi-trained communication and dealings core and project back-office settings or situations; building up most favorable conscription procedures that reduce outlay while coming to get certain objectives and offering supervisors with the facts they must have to go through and hastily consent financial plans, labor force personnel running, optimization, and quality monitoring. Secondly, the firms can now measure or gauge the outfitted and pecuniary paybacks and effects of diverse circumstances ahead of constructing resolutions. Third is that they can already enhance forecasting precision with advanced scrutiny of historical information. They can eventually plan their wherewithal ahead to replicate anticipated client demands and plan their allocation of resources in venturing for other projects in the future. With this, firms can turn out this preparation development a group endeavor. They can now request everybody concerned in putting into practice the strategy for proposition. Strategic market arrangement must be an existing method to occasionally make another study of firms’ standing. They may keep each and every team associates informed of the marketing and administration advancement in and amend the strategy as challenging prospects become apparent to improve the profitability of various business entities. Setting up promptly will very much make better the pecuniary future of the company. It will offer a practical vision of the retirement prospect in respect of how currency and investments will function. The company will realize entirely at what time it is best to displace people or on the other side when an employee must retire. Early retirement plan is not in relation to what time will displace or one will give up work but how the company will displace or the employee will stop working. With some companies becoming less dependable and their retirement’s procedures less advantageous, a firm retirement arrangement is considered necessary at the present more than ever. No one can forecast the future, nevertheless planning can be of great use so either the company or the member of staff will know when to leave and most significantly, will the portfolio last the projected existence. The secret of pragmatic retirement planning relies on the following set of statements. The solution is to be actually transparent regarding the association between the profits supplies, operating costs, price increases rates, and what pertinent individual would like to achieve in retirement. Early retirement planning bids aspects in explicit retirement objectives and requirements, together with a lot of other factors of existence. Early-retirement encouragement agendas are currently the most accepted process which business enterprises employ to attain a diminution in the personnel. And for corporations in the middle of unions, conquests, or cutting back, they have been a method to decrease discharges. When times become shoddier, businesses economize. Early-retirement diplomacies are typically the system that they attempt to accomplish so in as humanitarian an approach as probable. The pros and cons of the strategies are extremely unambiguous and quantifiable for owners or managers. Early-retirement motivation campaigns may appear to be chiefly engaging if times are hard-hitting and people involved sense that there are no assurances that they will be able to maintain the occupation if they do not acknowledge the proposal (Card Hyslop, 1996, p. 5538). The tactics are quite convincing, however then again, several of them proffer a great deal which less than comes across the eye. Crafting subjects worse, odds are that if people are challenged with an early-retirement inducement arrangement, people will have no more than a month or so to appraise the proposition. Even a beefed-up early-retirement annuity is expected to be noticeably lesser than the allowance that could be anticipated if people sustained to labor. That is for the reason that the annuity is almost certainly based on the standard of what is received in the last few periods the people went to work. Even if the early-retirement enticement plot appends bonus periods of service and extra time of age to the allowance method, it would not be adept to build up the discrepancy between the standard pay for the last periods and the probably elevated typical wage for the last years if people were to keep on working. If the additional periods of vacation are worth the abridged reimbursements, in that case the critical matter is not how the early-retirement packet measures up to the usual retirement alternatives but whether the parcel is adequate to come to get the retirement-income requirements. To resolve that, people will have to cast the retirement returns and everyday expenditures. As a fulltime research administrator to direct a study agenda for the next segment in the company, he must take into account the evolution of improvement or restructuring strategy. According to Tesfatsion, (2001), the responsibilities are to envisage, set up, supervise, and accomplish research and logical schemes that speak to business transformation task and take forward line up goals, put up a system of progressive investigation and support associations and persons to prop up business amendment plan, head an alliance study group composed of associate human resources and important followers or allies, back allies with enhanced information to engage in early retirement plan and venture modifications at the federation and local degrees, assist to organize mechanical backing to countrywide, state and district cronies, point and sort out study actions to guarantee that the project of early retirement plan is in advancement: on timetable and within financial statement, act with other business personnel to recognize, expand, and create market suggestions for novel undertaking prospects and financial support, correspond to business in a line of investigation, promoti on, guiding principle, media, and fundraising actions in relation with the early retirement plan (p. 419). Time managing and clerical proficiency are also necessary to maintain equilibrium of the manifold endeavors, associates, at the same time as the aptitude to arrange requests, ranges of job, study blueprints for regulars, cronies, and funders, with know-how in running multifaceted investigation schemes and workforce and familiarity in business or metropolitan guidelines and arrangement, or connected areas such as ecological rules and economic progress. Early retirement plans typically appears to be unsuccessful for three reasons. First is retiring before persons kept an adequate amount of currency to be money-wise self-sufficient. Second is unsatisfactory diversification of the withdrawal assets. Last is undervaluing the yearly livelihood operating costs in departure. With reference to insufficient savings, most individuals who have considered the issue characterize pecuniary autonomy as containing 25 times of the yearly livelihood fixed costs, several fairly more or less. In other terms, a person who will retire with $40,000 in twelve-monthly livelihood everyday expenditures will require a $1 million collection of assets to be regarded as monetarily self-supporting (Flaschel, Kauermann Semmler, 2003). If one is mature enough to meet the criteria for a retirement fund or Societal Safety, that certainly trims down the quantity of currency one requests to obtain from the investments and makes available for fiscal self-determination on a lesser portfolio, he or she may do take the early retirement so. In assets diversification, practically the entire main part of labor on giving up work and speculation preparation puts forward that people who give up work safekeepings in their collection. A small number of market forecasters even recommend toting up supplementary out of the ordinary portfolio types to the assortment for instance independently-possessed authentic land, merchandises, hedge resources, or business enterprise funds collections. There can be found no believable advisors who advice placing each and every part of the investments merely into a single venture whether it be a Reserves bond, a solitary stockpile with a due long-term confirmation of operation. Other investment oversights that can head to an ineffective withdrawal to work consist of dynamic changing of a set of assets, making an effort to phase the market by selecting high points and troughs, and disbursing disproportionate charges and add ons to a consultant. Appearing in the employee’s side, various human resources who leave their jobs under company-sponsored early-retirement policies time and again find out after the event that they would not have an adequate amount of earnings to provide for themselves. Lots of early retirees finish up arranging to cross the threshold again of the labor force in the nick of time. If one would desire to stop working early in life, he ir she ought to seize a firm glimpse at how he or she will be proficient to come to get his or her living fixed costs, not simply the time one leaves, but ten or additional periods from then on. If one seeks to procure premature retirement, price increases is even more of a concern in deciding whether one’s annuity and investments are satisfactory to provide for the person than it would be if he or she gave up work at 65; in view of the fact that he or she will be using up further periods in withdrawal, one will for that reason be more profoundly distressed by inflation. The following description presents a notion of how much extra price increases have an effect on initial person who gives up work. A lot of before time individuals who stop working, typified as the retirees below the age of 65 years old, who overlook to have an account for inflation in their departure preparation are taken precedence for a distasteful bolt from the blue (Fitoussi, Jestaz, Phelps, Zoega , 2000, p. 237). Scores of individuals incorrectly assume that their levy load will make less burdensome considerably at retirement. They as well contemplated that they can keep away from a number of monies, however in contrast, duties could ascend once more and have an asking price on a person more than they perform at the present. One point that an individual can be certain of is that revenue levy charges will by no means be reduced than they are at this instant. â€Å"Development and displacement† by Robinson and company (2002) depicts several growing challenges to the philosophies and practices of progress in the modern-day world, linked with kinds of displacement (156). The general idea of the volume and the technique in which it expands the thoughts about displacement and development is excellent. This work tries to scrutinize the whole extent of topics and other concerns comprising socio-economic and psychosomatic troubles in the progression induced displacement regions. It concentrates on comprehensive prototypes of observable facts such as border line colonization, desertification, environmental discords on poverty, military divergence and populace passages. It is moral to displace individuals for growth of societies; vast statistics of individuals are relocated from their abodes for setting up improvement schemes. These advancement missions head to trade and industry growth, on the contrary it repeatedly debases the socio-economic and living of other subgroups. Despite the fact that one cannot refute the necessity of progress, displacement cannot be defensible on moral ground. As consequences of displacement, fabrication coordination is taken apart, cohesive affinity clusters are strewn, long created dealings are ruined, and customary sources of employment are mislaid. Impression of belongingness and rooted association in a locale that offers the refuge of attachment is habitually dislodged by separation and estrangement in the new place. References: Aoki, M. and H. Yoshikawa (2003) A Simple Quantity Adjustment Model of Economic Fluctuations and Growth, Heterogeneous Agents, Interaction and Economic Performance. Berlin, Springer, p. 39. Belot, M. and J. V. Ours (2000) Does the Recent Success of Some OECD Countries in Lowering their Unemployment Rates Lie in the Clever Design of their Labour Market Reforms? , Discussion paper no. 147, IZA, Bonn, Germany, p. 76. Blanchard, O. and L. Katz (1997) Shifts in the Beveridge Curve, Job Matching, and Labor Market Dynamics, New England Economic Review, p. 3. Card, D. and D. Hyslop (1996), Does Inflation Grease the Wheels of the Labor Market Working paper, NBER, p. 5538. Dosi, G. and S. Winter (2002), Interpreting Economic Change: Evolution, Structures and Games. The Economics of Choice, Change, and Organizations. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publishers. Fitoussi, J. -P. , D. Jestaz, E. Phelps and G. Zoega (2000) Roots of the Recent Recoveries: Labor Reforms or Provate Secto Forces?. Brooking Papers on Economic Activities, (1), p. 237. Flaschel, P. , G. Kauermann and W. Semmler (2003) Testing Wage and Price Phillips Curves for the United States. Unpublished manuscript, Bielefeld University, Faculty of Economics. Julien, B. , J. Kennes and I. King (2000) Bidding for Labor. Review of Economic Dynamics, (3) p. 619. Tesfatsion, L. (2001) Structure, Behavior, and Market Power in an Evolutionary Labor Market with Adaptive Search. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control (25) p. 419. Robinson, Jenny, Turton, David, Mohan, Giles and Yanacopulos, Helen. Development and Displacement. Oxford University Press, USA 2002, p. 156.

Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson of The Great Gatsby Essay -- Great Ga

Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson of The Great Gatsby    In the novel, The Great Gatsby, the two central women presented are Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson. These two women, although different, have similar personalities. Throughout the novel, there are instances in which the reader feels bad for and dislikes both Daisy and Myrtle. These two women portray that wealth is better than everything else, and they both base their lives on it. Also the novel shows the hardships and difficulties they have in their marriages. They are never satisfied with what they have, and are always longing for more. Daisy Buchanan is married to Tom Buchanan and cousin to Nick Carraway. During World War I, many soldiers stationed by her in Louisville, were in love with her. The man who caught her eye the most was Jay Gatsby. When he was called into war, she promised him that she would wait for him. Also that upon his return they will be married. Daisy, lonely because Gatsby was at war, met Tom Buchanan. He was smart and part of a wealthy family. When he asked her to marry him, she didn't hesitate at once, and took his offering. Here, the reader first encounters how shallow Daisy is, making her a dislikeable character. Another event that Daisy is a dislikeable character is when she did not show up to Gatsby's funeral. When Daisy and Gatsby reunite, their love for each other rekindle. She often visited Gatsby at his mansion, and they were inseparable. This led Gatsby on because he dedicated his whole life into getting Daisy back, and she had no gratitude towards it. At the hotel suite s cene, Daisy reveals to all that she loves Gatsby, but then also says that she loves Tom as well. This leaves the reader at awe, because after... ...vie, the actresses that played them actually fit the role. Women usually do not have impacts on things, but in this novel, major things happened as a result of these women. These things include dishonest marriages, love affairs, wealth, power, and jealousy. This goes to show that women are not always the innocent ones in novels, or any other type of literature. Sources Consulted Brucoli, Matthew J. Bruccoli. "Role Playing in The Great Gatsby. "http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/biography.html. October 18, 2002. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. London: Penguin Books, 1990. Douglas, Ann. The Women of The Great Gatsby. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1995. Lewis, Roger.   "Money, Love, and Aspiration in The Great Gatsby."   New   Essays on The Great Gatsby.   Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli.   New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985.   41-57.

Personal Trainer, Inc. Essay

Background You are enjoying your job as a student intern at Personal Trainer. Last week, Susan asked you to help her plan the new information system project. Susan knows that you have completed several information systems courses at the local college, and that you have studied project management tools and techniques. Specifically, she wants you to get ready for the next set of systems development tasks, which will be requirements modeling for the new system. Yesterday, Susan called you into her office to discuss the specific tasks she wants you to perform. After meeting with Susan, you sit down and review your notes. She wants you to treat the set of tasks as a project, and to use project management skills to plan the tasks. Here is what she suggested to you as a work breakdown structure, including the duration she estimated for each task: First, you need to meet with fitness center managers at other Personal Trainer locations (10 days). After these meetings, you can conduct a series of interviews (8 days). When the interviews are complete, two tasks can begin at the same time: you can review company records (2 days) and observe business operations (7 days). When you have reviewed the records and observed business operations, you can analyze the BumbleBee accounting software (3 days) and study a sample of sales and billing transactions (1 day). You are excited about the opportunity to practice your skills, and you start to work on the following list. Personal Trainer, Inc. Fact-Finding Summary A typical center has 300-500 members, with two membership levels: full and limited. Full members have access to all activities. Limited members are restricted to activities they have selected, but they can participate in other activities by paying a usage fee. All members have charge privileges. Charges for merchandise and services are recorded on a charge slip, which is signed by the member. At the end of each day, cash sales and charges are entered into the BumbleBee accounting software, which runs on a computer workstation at each location. Daily cash receipts are deposited in a local bank and credited to the corporate Personal Trainer account. The BumbleBee program produces a daily activity report with a listing of all sales transactions. At the end of the month, the local manager uses BumbleBee to transmit an accounts receivable summary to the Personal Trainer headquarters in Chicago, where member statements are prepared and mailed. Members mail their payments to the Personal Trainer headquarters, where the payment is applied to the member account. The BumbleBee program stores basic member information, but does not include information about member preferences, activities, and history. Currently, the BumbleBee program produces one local report (the daily activity report) and three reports that are prepared at the headquarters location: a monthly member sales report, an exception report for inactive members and late payers, and a quarterly profit-and-loss report that shows a breakdown of revenue and costs for each separate activity. Assignments 1. List the system requirements, with examples for each category. Review the information that Susan gathered, and assume that she will add her own ideas to achieve more effective outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and controls. The system requirements for the new Personal Trainer system can be identified by careful analysis of the fact-finding summary on page 184. The summary contains a number of â€Å"must† statements, and various items on the â€Å"wish list† that were suggested by local managers and staff members. Students should be able to identify, classify, and enumerate these items. Sample suggestions for outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and controls might include the following: Outputs: Report on delinquent payments, more frequent reports on trends and profitability, computerized activity and wellness log, more detailed exception reports, what-if scenarios that managers can use to plan promotions and discounts Inputs: More information about member preferences, activities and history, method to obtain member suggestions and e-mail messages Dr. Rafael Nieves Page 4 Processes: Automated process to scan key chain IDs or credit cards, process to manage part-time instructors and staff Performance: New design for sales slips, better information on members Controls: Standardized coding system to be used company wide, better  reconciliation of data, and creation of audit trails 2. Are there scalability issues that Susan should consider? What are they? Scalability refers to a system’s ability to handle increased business volume and transactions in the future. Because it will have a longer useful life, a scalable system offers a better return on the initial investment. To evaluate scalability, Susan will need information about projected future volume for all outputs, inputs, and processes. For example, she would need to know the estimated number of customers, transaction volume, peak periods, number and types of data items required for each transaction, and the method of accessing and updating customer files. 3. If Susan wants to conduct a survey of current or prospective members to obtain their input, what type of sampling should she use? Why? Students might suggest a stratified sample of former members and prospective members. It is relatively easy to identify former members from Personal Trainer’s records, but it might be more difficult to identify prospective members. Several options are available. Personal Trainer might request survey input from members who have recommended friends in the past. Were the new members happy, and did they remain as members? Why or why not? This might be quite valuable input in predicting future membership results.  Also, perhaps the company has a list of people who have requested information about Personal Trainer in the past, but never signed up for a class. That group might be an interesting sample. Finally, former students might be an interesting group to survey. 4. Draw an FDD that shows the main operations described in the fact statement. The fact-finding summary on page 184 identifies many of Personal Trainer’s activities, functions, and processes. Answers will vary based on different perceptions of Personal Trainer’s main operations.

Rock Fest at Hard Rock

Rock Fest at Hard Rock In order for specific events and projects to be successful, an effective and efficient plan is necessary. A plan reflects the possible outcome of the project or event at hand. Planning is described as the method of deciding what to do and the process of how to execute them (Kerzner, 2003). It allows the integration of people’s values, attitude, needs, and preference in coming up with sound decisions. Good planning is signified by a fine short term decision that has major impact on long term objectives (Bartholomew, 2005). It is a social activity that involves various people, thus participation and management of people is vital as results are affected by how people are involved, and is not confine in identifying problems that the group would encounter and finding out the easiest solution to them. It could become a good learning process not only for the problems at hand but also for future situations (Kerzner, 2003). In holding an event such as a rock fest with a 9 month plan horizon, time is of the essence. For the first few months it is important to secure the services of the bands that would play on the night of the rock fest. It is the organizer’s first priority as performers have tight schedule and they might find it hard to tap their services on the night of the scheduled event. For me, tapping their services and joining them altogether in one evening would be the most critical path. About a month or two after the event was proposed, a complete line up of performers should have been finalized and the target schedule date should be revealed. Organizers may find it hard to look for that common time of every band, if notification would not come during the early stages of the proposed rock event. Preparing the schedule and the list of the bands that would play would be the most challenging part for the organizers. After the list has been prepared and bands have made their commitment to be included in the rock fest, the next phase for the project would be advertising and promoting it. These would run for the next six months and so. The phase would include ironing out every details of the contract of the bands that would play, tickets sales, promotions, sponsorships and logistics. At this stage I see limited problem since Hard Rock Cafe is well known; posters, streamers and flyers could come in handy as funding for the project would not be limited and furthermore the organizer could easily make a tie up with their previous sponsors. The only thing that may derailed the project’s progress is if the project coordinator failed to come up with a catchy title, poster designs and taglines that would make the rock fest even more exciting. A month before the rock fest, the focus then would be preparing for the rock site, lighting and sound systems and security, contributes heavily to the organizer’s focus. Good lighting and sound system add more spice and excitement to rock fest. Thus the beauty of the two elements is a must. Security, on the other hand, is a major concern to prevent unruly fans and mob from becoming more rowdy. This is another major challenge as many events are ruined by uncontrolled crowd. Bands unable to get into the venue and situation involving emergency cases would not pose a problem since a helicopter is on stand by ready to fly. With a good plan and proper management of resources from day one up to the night of the said event, there is no reason not to be optimistic with the rock fest’s result.

Renaissance and the church

Renaissance and the church The renaissance period is known to have had various effects on the Catholic Church, both positive and negative. This was the period when the Catholic Church gained a lot of popularity from people. However, it was also during this period when the church almost collapsed. This paper seeks to establish the various ways that the rise and the near collapse of the church were due to the renaissance period.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Renaissance and the church specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the very many contrasts that were existent during this period, there was a declining influence of the Catholic Church. Most humanists thought that the church still had traditional rules, values and policies which they felt that they were getting outdated and should therefore change. In the earlier periods, the Catholic Church was an imperative part of the structure that was based on the faithfulness between vassals of the feudal system and the lords. In the renaissance period however, there was a shift on focus from religious matters to money matters. The church had a hard time adjusting to this fresh philosophy. As a result the church had been accused on the grounds of corruption on several occasions, an act which gave the church a bad reputation. The high regard of the church was also wounded as some church heads desecrated the biblical regulations they were delegated to uphold and existed no differently that the worldly merchants and political numbers. This was additionally compounded by the comprehension by the new sovereigns that, in order to maintain supremacy, the church had to operate according to its traditional rules and regulations, practices that were fading in the church. This was because some church leaders were acting in a manner which was in accordance to the principles of the Catholic Church. Although there was decline in the popularity of the Catholic Church during this era, there w as some growth in religious matters. This mostly happened in the 14th to the 15th century in a period which later came to be known as The Reformation. It was more critical in the 16th century. Decline of the Church The papal patio was mortified when, in the in the early years of the 14th century, the French emperor enforced them to Avignon. This strained move led the churches uppermost leaders to emerge as the subjects of France.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The church, in its place of providing religious leadership to the rapidly shifting society, became pre-occupied with its management of staff and procedures. The dilemma became even worse during the Great Schism, when opponent popes vied for power of the church. This was evidence of greed in the church. The ultimate outcome further lessened the political weight of the church. There were commendable leaders of the Catholi c Church for the duration of these times. Nicholas V and Pius II, who followed after the latter, were educated, devout and dignified heads of the church. There were in addition other popes, like Alexander VI, who was pope in the year 1492, Julius II and also Leo X, who were primarily concerned with the political grounds, the endorsement of their families and the benefaction of the art. These popes additionally weakened the capability of the Catholic Church to have authority on the society and also in politics. With its destabilized authority, the church established that its papal power was getting increasingly challenged, both in the vicinity and countrywide. These tests to the papal influence, known as â€Å"heresy†, burgeoned, and critics turned out to be more candid and copious The Growth of Religion The worry of the churches situation was a consequence of the power of the church, not the flaw. The pressure of the Catholic Church was failing but there was yet increasing re cognition of religion all the way through all regions of Europe (Barry, 11). Religion started to revolutionize. Preachers called on the sinners to ask forgiveness (repent). This association believed in straight revelations from God devoid of the church as an agent. People who protested the Catholic Church, along with their contradictory beliefs, posed a menace to customary religion. Popular unorthodox movements sustained their growth and continued to dare papal authority. Some fractions of these movements happened to be so willing to have the whole Catholic Church done away with. For the duration of the 14 century, a British theorist, John Wycliffe started airing his grievances against the Catholic Church in his trainings and scripts. These heretics grow to be popular due to their attacks, but they hang about as a small underground. The preponderance of the reformers expected to modify the Catholic Church, not get rid of it. There was a very significant theologian in the early times of the 16th century at the University of Paris who supported conciliar theory. This hypothesis aimed at making a reformation to the Catholic Church by eliminating the supreme influence of the pope and putting it in a common council.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Renaissance and the church specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The renaissance period can hence be seen as a period that meant a lot of trials and consequent tribulations to the Catholic Church as a whole. It kept the church in constant upheavals (Starn, 22). Barry, William. The Renaissance. The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Vol. 12. Starn, Randolph. A Postmodern Renaissance? Renaissance Quarterly. 2007. 60(1): 1-24

The Invention of the Typewriter and its History essays

The Invention of the Typewriter and its History essays The evolution of the typewriter over the years has played an ongoing part of the history of the human need to communicate with others. The invention of the typewriter was brought about in part by combining the need for both speed of communication and for the binding of reading and writing. After many years of thought a machine emerged that would revolutionize the work of a writer that would have normally been done by hand. The first typewriter was invented by Christopher Latham Sholes, and was marketed by the Remington Arms Company in 1873. The process of the type bars in the earliest typewriters was labeled slow, and tended to jam frequently. To fix this problem, Mr. Sholes obtained a list of the most common letters used in the English language, he rearranged his keyboard from a alphabetic arrangement to one in which the most common pairs of letters were spread far apart on the keyboard. Because of the hunt and peck method used by typist at the time, Sholess arrangement increased the time it took for the typist to hit the keys for common two letter combinations to ensure that each type bar had time to fall back and be out of the way before the next one came up to type the next letter. It was noted that Sholess never expected that typing would ever be faster than handwriting, which back then was normally around 20 words per minute (WPM) or less. In 1878, the ten finger typing method began to be used. Promoted by a women named L. V. Longley, who was the head of a Cincinnati school for stenographers, started to replace the hunt and peck method. Later, Frank E. McGurrin, a federal court clerk, taught himself to touch-type without looking at the keys. This method was rarely practiced but proved to be the fasted typing method thus far due to the fact that most people would lose their place when looking away from the typewriter and looking back again. It would take a person twice as long to type looking away t...

5 Errors in Noun-Verb Agreement

5 Errors in Noun-Verb Agreement 5 Errors in Noun-Verb Agreement 5 Errors in Noun-Verb Agreement By Mark Nichol As shown in the examples below, when writers craft sentences with more than one noun or pronoun in the subject, they sometimes misidentify the key noun or pronoun and assign the wrong verb form to it. Discussion and revision in each sentence describes and solves the problem. 1. â€Å"Five days are too short for a vacation.† The singular form of the verb â€Å"to be,† rather than the plural form, is appropriate here because of the context- the writer is referring to a collective unit of time consisting of five days, not to five units of time consisting of a day each: â€Å"Five days is too short for a vacation.† 2. Which of the following statements best describe your situation? The verb in this sentence refers not to statements but to one of several statements- represented by the pronoun which- each of which is, in turn, being contemplated on its own, so the verb form should be singular: â€Å"Which of the following statements best describes your situation?† 3. Each of the top five priorities identified this year are technology related.   Just as in the previous example, the first word in this sentence is a place-holder representing one priority. The five priorities are being considered in isolation, one at a time, so a singular verb is appropriate: â€Å"Each of the top five priorities identified this year is technology related.† 4. We believe that a diversity among people and perspectives create high-performing organizations. Diversity, not the combination of â€Å"people and perspectives,† is the operative noun here, so the verb form should be singular: â€Å"We believe that a diversity among people and perspectives creates high-performing organizations.† 5. A combination of these factors, along with a number of wider digital transformation and economic trends, have focused attention on regulatory technology as a topic. Combination, not factors, is the noun that the helping verb is associated with (and the parenthetical phrase located between factors and the verb is irrelevant to the verb form): â€Å"A combination of these factors, along with a number of wider digital transformation and economic trends, has focused attention on regulatory technology as a topic.† Some people may disagree, arguing that combination, like descriptive words such as couple, majority, and variety, calls for notional agreement (or notional concord), in which plural nouns that modifying phrases that include collective nouns are associated with, rather than the collective nouns themselves, are considered the â€Å"target† of the verb. However, usage strongly favors singular concord, in which the verb concords, or agrees, with the collective noun (the â€Å"notion†). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About TalkingDeck the HallsUses of the Past Participle

Financial Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial Reporting - Essay Example Also, there is the problem that no one individual or corporation has full ownership of the earth, so it would be very difficult to account for. Even if some accountants did factor use of the earth into the accounts, there would likely be many more that would not do this. Accountants do have the expertise required because they understand how assets depreciate and also how to balance the economic equation of assets equals liabilities plus equity. If such a system was put in place to allow accountants to value the earth, then it may be possible to do. The major problem is trying to get everyone to agree on what should be accounted for. The accounting profession is suited perfectly to control such measurement functions but the problem is deciding on what those functions are. Because they are many things that cannot be measured, it is very difficult for accountants to include such functions on the balance sheet. The difference between accounting for financial and physical objects is that one type can be measured on a scale while the other is more ambiguous. Financial objects have value because we give values that can be assigned to specific objects. For example, for an investment that loses money, it is easy to track that flow because we can compare the end result with the start value. The difficulty with accounting for physical objects is that often there is no ways to place value on them and also it may be hard to find a starting value in some instances. Activity 2 In this cartoon, the difference between the two companies could not be more remarkable. While Company A has three legs on its chair (social, financial, and environmental), Company B only has only leg (financial). This illustration shows perfectly why companies must be well-balanced when it comes to business operations. Company A understands that in order to be successful in the business world, there is more goals than just simply making a profit. I think that it is important to note that in this picture the financial leg of the chair is the middle one. In other words, it is the cornerstone of the company or the part that is the basis for everything else. The other two legs, social and environmental, provide solid support to the company, which is obviously very successful from a financial point of view. While success may be put down only to the financials, it cannot be understated the value of having good social and environmental responsibility for a firm. These measures often can't be valued, so it is difficult to try and judge success. I feel that it is also important to mention that the chair would not likely stand without the financial leg. All three legs are needed to support the chair, and this shows that companies must concentrate on many different facets of business in order to be successful over the long run. Company B only has one led, financial, and as a result the company is having difficulty maintaining balance. Although this leg is important for making the chair stand , there are no other supports. Company B has placed all of its eggs in the financial basket and has paid the price for doing so. By neglecting other aspects of business, such as social and environmental, the company is taking a huge risk. While it may be able to stay balanced initially, it is inevitable that the chair will take a fall because the company has focused all of its efforts on simple money making.

Improving Organizational Communication through CFM Essay

Improving Organizational Communication through CFM - Essay Example Conway Inn & Hotel has gone through reductions in customer flow in the last two and a half years, which has seen cutbacks in some of the services offered by the organization. Because of the reduction of customer flow, many customers have stopped frequenting the establishment, which has occasioned small-scale staff layoffs. Consequently, the organization has seen a decrease in revenues, which has also affected the confidence of the employees in the organization’s capability to keep them employed. An increase in customer flow and subsequent transition into a high performance organization can go some way in resolving this issue. The organization would also like to explore the possibility of franchising into Best Western. The customer flow at Conway Inn & Hotel has slowed down, which can be seen by reviewing the registration logs that are meant to alert the organization on dropping rates of customer flow. The establishment has been popular with the local population, as well as vis itors travelling through the town because of various amenities offered, such as cab services, free Wi-Fi connection, and refrigerators in the rooms. The downturn in customer flow, however, has seen the organization cut back on several services, which must be maintained if they are to have a competitive advantage over their competitors. There have been several attempts to improve on customer service, although the organization has been faced with difficulties with this because of the reduced customer flow. Therefore, this analytical research paper will seek to answer the question: â€Å"How can Conway Inn & Hotel transition into a high performance organization?† The best way to do this, as will be argued, is through customer flow management, or CFM. Literature Review Customer flow manag

Cis week 5 classwork class discussions Assignment

Cis week 5 classwork class discussions - Assignment Example The company should also educate their employees on the risks involved if they give their passwords to strangers or any other person. Data is most vulnerable at the points where the computers of the company are connected to the outside world like the internet. It is important that the IT managers to implement necessary defenses at these points (Murphy & Zwieback D, 2011). Qualitative risk analysis is risk-level, easy and quick to execute, does not require any special tool or software and it is subjective in evaluating the probability and the impact of the risk. On the other hand quantitative risk analysis is project-level, consumes time, specialized tool may be required and it gives probabilistic estimates of time and cost. Business impact analysis being the determination of the impact an incidence can have, all the parties involved will be affected by one way or the other. People have to be compensated to their normal life they had from the incidence, and proper systems have to be in place to oversee that the incidence is totally mitigated. Data should be kept proper as this will amount on the total costs incurred in the analysis and properties should be rebuild again and the owners given their

Larval therapy for venous leg ulcers Literature review

Larval therapy for venous leg ulcers - Literature review Example The maggots then proceed to consume the infections present in the wound and eventually ‘clean’ up the ulceration. This study shall provide a critical appraisal of larval therapy for venous leg ulcers. Initially, the background and aetiology of the disease shall be provided, followed by a critical appraisal of eight studies pertinent to this topic. This study is being carried out in order to establish a scholarly and comprehensive assessment of available literature on larval therapy on venous leg ulcers; it also seeks to assess the future general applicability of this therapy in the clinical practice. Venous leg ulcers are chronic and non-healing wounds or ulcerations on the leg or foot (NHS Choices, 2010). It is usually accompanied with symptoms of pain, itching, and inflammation in the affected area. Venous leg ulcers are seen when there is a persistent high pressure of blood in the veins of the legs which can later cause damage to the skin. Venous leg ulcers affect 1 i n 500 individuals in the UK with rates increasing sharply with age (NHS Choices, 2010). About one person in every 50 over the age of 80 has a high risk for venous leg ulcers. Risk factors for this disease include immobility, obesity, advancing age, and varicosities (NHS Choices, 2010). The prognosis for venous leg ulcers is more or less good, however, with diabetic and elderly patients, the management may take longer. Nevertheless, with appropriate treatment, the healing can be ensured. Venous leg ulcers are caused by damage to the veins located in the legs (NHS Choices, 2010). Venous problems can be seen with the valves in the veins improperly functioning. As a result, blood flows backwards into the previous valves causing pooling in the lower trunks of the veins. With increased pressure in the veins, damage to the veins, and later the skin can become apparent (NHS Choices, 2010). Constant high blood pressure in the legs can cause leaks which then cause swelling and damage to the s kin, thereby leading to the ulcerations. Critical appraisal In the study by Dumville, et.al., (2009), the authors clearly presented the goals of their research which was basically to compare the clinical effectiveness of larval therapy with standard debridement techniques for necrotic leg ulcers. The relevance and importance of the research was indicated by the authors, mostly in relation to cost effectiveness of various therapies for venous leg ulcers (Dumville, et.al., 2009). This goal is relevant because of the fact that the cost of medical interventions has increased and the need to decrease and manage medical costs for patients and for health care in general has become a more imperative requirement in the current age of health and economic crisis. The introduction and the literature review were able to establish the concept and the idea behind the research, including its possible benefits to the clinical practice. The hypothesis has not however been clearly stated, but can be i mplied from the initial chapters of the study. The author implies the higher benefits which can be gained from the use of larval therapy for venous leg ulcers. The main terms of the study are defined and can easily be deduced from the authors’ presentation. The research also presented a well focused question, including a clearly defined population specifically defined through the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The interventions to be used by the authors were also specified with specific expected outcomes defined. In assessing the design chosen, the

Mmm17 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mmm17 - Essay Example In today’s world it has become imperative for organizations to disclose information that support and complement their responsible business claims. An organization that fails to voluntarily disclose its sustainability practices is bound to suffer the consequences as in this age, the stakeholders give immense value to the ethical aspects of the business and what measures an organization takes to give back to its people and the community it operates in. a successful business not only indulges in ethical practices that safeguard the rights of the people and protect the environment, but also makes an effort to relate the information regarding the purpose of each such step taken. Feedback is welcomed and acknowledged to increase a business’s worth in the minds of the stakeholders and the consumers. The changing market dynamics in order to increase business transparency has given birth to many concepts like corporate social responsibility, green marketing, employee rights etc. Corporate social responsibility refers to an organizations voluntary actions to give back to the society it operates in. in this way, businesses ensure that every member of their value chain benefits equally from the business as they are the ones who contribute to the end profit (Jamali & Mirshak, 2007). For example, any organizations involved in dairy products ensure that the farmers are incentivized adequately, the cattle are provided with hygienic conditions and the purification centers follow strict quality standards. Businesses also tend to build the rural areas in order to increase the opportunities for the farmers to generate more crop yield, breed more animals etc. by building schools and health centers in the rural areas the farmers are able to provide their children with better education and health and believe that the business they work with cares for their well-being as well.

Larval therapy for venous leg ulcers Literature review

Larval therapy for venous leg ulcers - Literature review Example The maggots then proceed to consume the infections present in the wound and eventually ‘clean’ up the ulceration. This study shall provide a critical appraisal of larval therapy for venous leg ulcers. Initially, the background and aetiology of the disease shall be provided, followed by a critical appraisal of eight studies pertinent to this topic. This study is being carried out in order to establish a scholarly and comprehensive assessment of available literature on larval therapy on venous leg ulcers; it also seeks to assess the future general applicability of this therapy in the clinical practice. Venous leg ulcers are chronic and non-healing wounds or ulcerations on the leg or foot (NHS Choices, 2010). It is usually accompanied with symptoms of pain, itching, and inflammation in the affected area. Venous leg ulcers are seen when there is a persistent high pressure of blood in the veins of the legs which can later cause damage to the skin. Venous leg ulcers affect 1 i n 500 individuals in the UK with rates increasing sharply with age (NHS Choices, 2010). About one person in every 50 over the age of 80 has a high risk for venous leg ulcers. Risk factors for this disease include immobility, obesity, advancing age, and varicosities (NHS Choices, 2010). The prognosis for venous leg ulcers is more or less good, however, with diabetic and elderly patients, the management may take longer. Nevertheless, with appropriate treatment, the healing can be ensured. Venous leg ulcers are caused by damage to the veins located in the legs (NHS Choices, 2010). Venous problems can be seen with the valves in the veins improperly functioning. As a result, blood flows backwards into the previous valves causing pooling in the lower trunks of the veins. With increased pressure in the veins, damage to the veins, and later the skin can become apparent (NHS Choices, 2010). Constant high blood pressure in the legs can cause leaks which then cause swelling and damage to the s kin, thereby leading to the ulcerations. Critical appraisal In the study by Dumville, et.al., (2009), the authors clearly presented the goals of their research which was basically to compare the clinical effectiveness of larval therapy with standard debridement techniques for necrotic leg ulcers. The relevance and importance of the research was indicated by the authors, mostly in relation to cost effectiveness of various therapies for venous leg ulcers (Dumville, et.al., 2009). This goal is relevant because of the fact that the cost of medical interventions has increased and the need to decrease and manage medical costs for patients and for health care in general has become a more imperative requirement in the current age of health and economic crisis. The introduction and the literature review were able to establish the concept and the idea behind the research, including its possible benefits to the clinical practice. The hypothesis has not however been clearly stated, but can be i mplied from the initial chapters of the study. The author implies the higher benefits which can be gained from the use of larval therapy for venous leg ulcers. The main terms of the study are defined and can easily be deduced from the authors’ presentation. The research also presented a well focused question, including a clearly defined population specifically defined through the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The interventions to be used by the authors were also specified with specific expected outcomes defined. In assessing the design chosen, the

Financial Markets and Institutions homework Assignment

Financial Markets and Institutions homework - Assignment Example The lenders earn interest as a return on the loan. However, the individuals also use bond markets to obtain loans, but it is a rare practice. The final type of financial market is the arena where currencies are swapped in order to fulfill the demand of a particular currency. The price of a currency is determined by finding out its demand curve’s interaction point with another one. The price of highly demanded currencies such as the American dollar, the English Pound, and Euro has been known to dominate others. The trick is to lower the interest in the country so that the currency does not face substantial level of devaluation, and therefore, its demand remains stable in the market. At the same time, all of the financial markets operate in order to facilitate exchange of money by bounding borrowers with contractual obligations to keep their part of the bargain. The accumulation of money into a few hand invite stagnation, and therefore, it is imperative to keep funds afloat in order to drive down the level of income disparity in the economy. The financial markets work to convert savings into investments, and as a result, the companies consistently create wealth. The network of financial markets is globally integrated, and transferring money from one economy to another is a matter of a few minutes nowadays. The financial markets create efficiency in the economie s by helping investors in shifting their financial resources into the financial system that offers higher returns. The progressive countries are always looking to make their economies suitable for foreign investors in order to have surplus monetary resources at the disposal of the local population (Alfaro, Chanda, Kalemli-Ozcanc, & Sayek, 2004). In this way, better use of money takes place. The fundamental form of a financial intermediary is packed in the shape of a bank because it brings savers and borrowers together

Inherent Fallacies Essay Example for Free

Inherent Fallacies Essay We humans live in a world were illogical fallacies run rampant. In 12 Angry Men the author illustrates everyday illogical fallacies people have in the setting of a court jury. Jurors: 3, 4, 7 and 10 have their own fallacies that are unique to them in the play; but can be found in common people in everyday people. In 12 Angry Men the illogical fallacy for Juror Number 3 is a general fallacy. This fallacy is the result of an emotional prejudice by juror 3 has as he compares the defendant with his own child. Juror 3 says in the play, You’re right. Its the kids.  The way they are—you know? They dont listen. Ive got a kid. When he was eight years old, he ran away from a fight. I saw him. I was so ashamed, I told him right out, Im gonna make a man out of you or Im gonna bust you up into little pieces trying. When he was fifteen he hit me in the face. Hes big, you know. I havent seen him in three years. Rotten kid! You work your heart out. All right, lets get on with it. (Reginald Rose 8) His emotional prejudice gets in the way of his critically thinking through the evidence because he has emotional conflict with his own son. He is grouping all teens together because of his altercation with his son, and Juror 3 is just punishing the young man on trial because he cannot come to turns with his own failings as a parent with his child. Towards the end of the play Juror 3 is all alone on the vote count; he â€Å"looks around at all of them for a long time. They sit silently, waiting for him to speak, and all of them despise him for his stubbornness. Then, suddenly, his face contorts as if he is about to cry, and he slams his fist down on the table† †¦ (thundering) All right† (30). Juror Number 4 and 10 each has prejudices about slum dwellers. This prejudice gives way to genetic fallacies in each juror’s thinking that at the beginning of the deliberations cause them to vote guilty in the initial preliminary vote. Juror 4, for example, says, Were missing the point here. This boy—lets say hes a product of a filthy neighborhood and a broken home. We cant help that. Were not here to go into the reasons why slums are breeding grounds for criminals. They are. I know it. So do you. The children who come out of slum backgrounds are potential menaces to society. 23) The play says that he is a man of wealth and position. We can also determine this by his attitude about people from the ghetto from his previously mentioned statement. Juror 10 is prejudice for the fact that he came from the slums,I don’t mind telling you, mister. We don’t owe him a thing. He got a fair trial, didn’t he? You know what that trial cost? He’s lucky he got it. Look, we’re all grownups here. You’re not going to tell us that we’re supposed to believe him, knowing what he is. I’ve lived among ’em all my life. You can’t believe a word they say. You know that. 5) This line of thinking also can be seen when Juror 4 tells them, â€Å"Next, the boy claims that on the way home the knife must have fallen through a hole in his coat pocket, that he never saw it again. Now theres a story, gentlemen. You know what actually happened. The boy took the knife home and a few hours later stabbed his father with it and even remembered to wipe off the fingerprints† (9). Juror Number Seven has no need to go over the facts again; he votes with whatever the majority of the vote is deciding. Juror 7 is in a hurry to get to the play he has tickets for as noted on page 3, â€Å"Right. This better be fast. Ive got tickets to The Seven Year Itch tonight. I must be the only guy in the whole world who hasnt seen it yet. (He laughs and sits down. ) Okay, your honor, start the show† (3). His prejudice that gets in the way of him critically thinking through the case is selfishness, which leads to a slippery slope illogical fallacy in the play. He says to the foreman,I dont know, most of its been said already. We can talk all day about this thing, but I think we’re wasting our time. Look at the kids record. At fifteen he was in reform school. He stole a car. Hes been arrested for mugging. He was picked up for knife-fighting. I think they said he stabbed somebody in the arm. This is a very fine boy. (7) This statement highlights the laziness of juror 7 to mean for not necessarily do any of those things correlate with killing his father. The prejudices of all jurors are the basis of the story. These prejudices lead to many illogical fallacies that are shown and resolved throughout the play for each juror. They are attempts by the author to show how every day are riddled with fallacies of logic and how people’s personal conflicts cloud their critical thinking to reason. This play suggests that we all need to examine ourselves before we rush to any type of judgment.

Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls Health And Social Care Essay

Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls Health And Social Care Essay Review of literature is a systemic search of a published work to gain information about a research topic (Polit and Hungler, 2011). Conducting a review of literature is challenging and an enlightening experience. The review of literature was based on extensive survey of books, journals, and international nursing indicates. A review of literature relevant to the study was under taken which helped the investigator to develop deep into the problem and gain information on what has been in the past. An extensive review of literature was done by the investigator to lay a broad foundation for the study. For the purpose of logical sequence the chapter was divided in two parts. 2.1 PART I: Reviews related to reproductive health among adolescent girls. 2.2 PART II: Reviews related to effectiveness of adolescent to adolescent approach on reproductive health. 2.1 PART I : Reviews related to reproductive health among adolescent girls. Mc Call-hosenfeld JS et al., (2012) conducted an experimental study in Pennsylvania; they investigated the impact of individual on womens are receipt of a comprehensive panel of preventive services in a region that includes both urban and rural communities. Outcome variables were a screening and vaccination index blood pressure , lipid panel, sexually transmitted infections or individual level variables includes predisposing factors, enabling and need based measures. The investigator found that overall use of preventive services, were low individual variability in womens receipt of counseling services is largely explained by psychological factors and seeing an gynecologist. . Fengy et al., (2012) conducted a cross sectional survey of 17,016 adolescent girls and young aged 15-24 yrs old in both rural and urban Asian cites, China, through interview and computer assisted self interview for sensitive questions. To identify the predictors perception of homosexuality. The 40% of adolescent and young adults who hold a positive view of homosexuality for both males and females. Preferred origin of movies, videos, self identified sexual orientation, sexual and reproductive health knowledge, family values, gender role and attitude towards premarital sex. The most common and important predictors for a respondents perception of homosexuality were his/her knowledge of sexual and reproductive health. Shelia G et al., (2012) conducted a experimental study regarding features of physical and sexual development of reproductive behavior among adolescent girls at Russia. In this assessment the adolescent reproductive behavior identification and the factors affecting was made in female adolescents age 14-19yr [randomly formed via continuous selection] information of the state of their health their attitudes towards child bearing and their risky habits have been evaluated. High frequency of menstrual irregularities, 24.7% delayed formation of the bone pelvis, 25.2% the prevalence of chronic external genital diseases were found. Iliyasuz et al., (2012) conducted a qualitative study regarding sexual and reproductive health communication between mothers and their adolescent daughters in North India Assam. The investigator employed structured interviews and groups to investigate reproductive health communication practices among 108 mothers and daughters transcript were analyzed using the grounded theory approach .A total of 136 mother reported discussing reproductive issues with their daughters. The majority of daughters acquire reproductive health education from their mothers; parents were more likely to discuss marriage, menstruation, premarital sex, STI infections and sex education need to be empowered with knowledge and skills to improve the scope and quality of home -based reproductive health education. Palke VD et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding impact of sex education on knowledge and attitude of adolescent school children in Bihar. Reproductive capability is now in earlier age, but the subject of adolescent sexuality in most societies, there is a wide spread ignorance about risks are unprotected sex problems among adolescent girls. Unfortunately need of sex education is not perceived and fulfilled in India especially in rural areas. The present study was conducted to assess the need and demonstrate the impact of sex education among adolescent school children, by analyzing pre and post intervention questionnaire and there was a significant increase in knowledge about sexuality , menstrual hygiene. Sexually transmitted disease, it has significant impact on knowledge of adolescent school children. Ezekwere et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding sex education, sex information, sex practices, among adolescent girls in Nigeria. A total 304 girls selected by multi-stage sampling technique studied primary and subsequent sources of sexuality information, mainly the by the media, peers, families and schools, found that mostly they were not involved in provision of early sexual initiation and un protected sex was common among them. The study highlights the need to create a awareness at earlier stage of adolescent period sexual education of adolescent girls through parents and teachers had to be initiated. Wong LP et al., (2011) conducted a large cross sectional study regarding attitude towards dysmenorrheal impact and treatment seeking, among 1,295 adolescent girls (13-19 yrs) from 16 public secondary schools in rural districts of Malaysia. Dysmenorrhea was reported in 76.0% of the participants multivariate analysis shows that being in upper secondary levels was the strongest predictor for poor concentration, absenteeism and poor school grade due to dysmenorrheal is a normal cycle and only 14.8% sought medical treatment , education should be extended to parents and school peer leaders to address the reproductive health needs of adolescents. Lazarus JV et al., (2011) conducted a quasi experimental study regarding reproductive health awareness programme to assess the knowledge, attitude and behavior. Reproductive health data was collected from the students aged (11 16 yrs) by using a picture and group discussion. In total 313 questionnaire has distributed, and the mean score in the pretest knowledge was 5.9 and 6.8 in post test score was p (0.003), which increased significantly t=4.5, p=0.000. The attitude mean score in pre test was 4.3 in post test was 6.8 which shows the increased significant. The mean behavior pretest score which showed a significant p =0.019. Hence the intervention significantly improved the adolescent reproductive health knowledge attitude. BiscoFreudenthal J et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding creating community awareness of reproductive tract infections including STD infections. The aim of this study was thus to explore people perception treatment seeking behavior and understanding of information about RTI/STD. Qualitative contact analysis was employed for the data analysis. The major findings was that the most common treatment seeking behavior was taking self medication. Shyness of genital examination, negative attitudes towards dirty diseases. The main media sources of RTI/STI information were radio, TV and other access to health information was more difficult. Health education messages should be more accessible in rural areas. Van Rossem et al., (2011) conducted the survey to evaluate the reach and impact of social marketing and reproductive health communication campaigns (selected radio and television programs) regarding family planning and HIV/AIDS in Zambia. The results evidenced that the reproductive health and social marketing Campaigns in Zambia reached a large portion of the population and had a significant impact. The results suggested that future reproductive health communication campaigns that invest in radio programming may be more effective than those investing in television programming and future campaigns should seek to increase their impact among women. Portillo et al., (2011) conducted a cross sectional study regarding sexual and reproductive health among adolescent girls at High school in Spanish. The study focused to determine the extent of information about preventing sexually transmitted diseases, knowledge and use of contraceptive methods. It includes 641 students who agreed to complete the questionnaire by school. 84.5% students know at least one contraceptive method 84%, It is necessary to establish or strengthen information programme on sexual health for adolescent. Fehr KR et al., (2011) conducted a study to assess the knowledge and use of Folic acid in women of reproductive age Folic acid reduces the risk of neural tube defects 50%, women of reproductive age group should be aware of the importance of the folic acid and neural tube defects. They used terms such as Folic acid knowledge and Folic acid awareness to search articles published, women were although knowledge levels were associated with education and health care professionals magazines and news papers, radio, TV, as common sources of information, and this knowledge will allow them to make informed decisions about Folic acid among women. Mc Call JS et al., (2011) conducted a study regarding preventive counseling among reproductive aged women. Preventive health intervention often occur less frequently among rural women compared to urban is an important feature of comprehensive preventive health care provisions .Data were collected by telephone survey during 2004-2005 participants aged 18-45 yrs in the central Pennsylvanias. The study assessed the independent contribution of counseling for smoking ,alcohol, drug use, birth control ,nutrition, physical activity. Most women do not receive recommended preventive counseling, while rural women are less likely than urban women to receive counseling educating rural health care providers about the need for preventive counseling. Jousha et al., (2011) narrated on condom negotiation and experience among sexually active young women in New south wales, Austraila by using feminist narrative approach. Ten womens stories were collected via online interviews. The findings revealed that none of the women initiated or negotiated use of the male condom promotion relies on the r4coginition of the gender factors that impede young womens condom negotiation and use. Strategies that overcome gender dynamics and empower women to negotiate condom use have the ability to promote condom use among this group. Lawan et al., (2010) conducted a study regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in Gujarat .This study examined the knowledge and practices of adolescent school in around menstruation and menstrual hygiene .Data was collected quantitatively and analyzed using pre experimental study, the study findings showed that majority had fair knowledge of menstruation, although deficient in specific knowledge areas, most of them used sanitary pads as absorbent during their last menses, changed menstrual dressings about 1-5 times per day and improving access of the adolescent to reproductive health needs. Sivagami, et al., (2010) conducted a qualitative study on community perception and treatment seeking behaviour regarding reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections in Lao by using fourteen focus group discussion and 20 in depth interviews. It held among 76 women and 56 men. The major finding was that both male and female participants had a variety of misconceptions about the causes and symptoms of RTI/STIs and their cure and a reluctance to seek health care. The main reasons for not going to health facilities were fear of social discrimination or shyness. They suggested strengthening health education and promotion through interventions at the community level to improve the quality of RTI/STI management. Minto et al., (2010) reviewed the efficacy of HIV/STI behavioral intervention and identified factors associated with intervention efficacy for American African females in the United states by using meta- analysis from 37 relevant studies. The results showed that behavioral intervention had a significant impact on reduction in HIV/STI risk sex behavioral. They concluded as behavioral interventions were efficacious in preventing HIV and STIs among African American females. They suggested that conducting more research to examine the potential contribution of prevention strategies that attend to community level and to improve communication between RTI/STI patients and clinicians. Thakor HG et al., (2010) conducted a STIs prevalence study on knowledge and practices related to STIs and HIV among 125 sex workers in an urban area of Gujarat, India. 85-90% were aware about various symptoms / diseases transmitted by unsafe sexual practice in male and female. 23.4% took treatment from health worker for such problems; 87.9% were aware that consistent use of condom could protect them from HIV infections and 2.6% reported for non treatment of STD.58% were not aware about behavoural changes needed to reduce the risk. 2.2 PART II: Review related to effectiveness of adolescent to adolescent approach on reproductive health. Denison JA et al.,(2012) conducted a quasi experimental study on peer education make a difference an evaluation of HIV prevention in youth-led model trained volunteer peer educators age (18-25 yrs) in school, to teach HIV prevention and Reproductive health. This evaluation programme effects on students HIV knowledge, attitude and behaviors of adolescent girls by using a non randomized quasi experimental design among 2133 students had significantly higher levels of knowledge regarding HIV p 0kanlawon FA et al., (2011) conducted a study to assess the effectiveness of peer education in a secondary school regarding reproductive health among adolescent girls in Karnataka. The study employed pre and post test intervention quasi experimental design, The experimental group was the adolescence girls to give peer education programme for 6 months pre and post test data in the experimental and control groups were compared and analyzed. The knowledge of reproductive health issues was p Drummond P et al., (2011) conducted a study by using peer education to increase the sexual health knowledge among West African refugees in Western Australia. Ten bilingual west African peer educators conducted a 3 hours workshop on sexual health for small groups of western African refugees (n = 58) who recently settled in Perth , western Australia .There were significant increases in the participants knowledge on sexually transmitted infections and HIV , their spread and the measures to protect against infection. They Concluded that the peer education approach was successful in assisting new and emerging community to work effectively on sexual health topics generally considered as taboos or too sensitive to discuss. Stephenson. J et al., (2010) assessed the effectiveness of school-based peer-led sex education among 9,000 pupils aged 13-14 years at England. Schools were randomized to either peer-led sex education (intervention) or to continue their usual teacher-led sex education (control). Peer educators, aged 16-17 years, were trained to deliver three 1-hour classroom sessions of sex education to 13- to 14 years old pupils from the same schools. The study findings concluded that compared with conventional school sex education at age 13-14 years, this form of peer-led sex education was very effective associated with change in teenage STDs, it merits consideration within broader teenage STDs prevention strategies.

Searching For Meaning in Apocalypse Now Essay examples -- Movie Film c

Searching For Meaning in Apocalypse Now Francis Ford Coppola's film Apocalypse Now takes the audience into a tense and mystical journey through the Vietnam War. This long and agonizing journey is seen through the eyes of Captain Willard played by Martin Sheen. Sheen. Captain Willard is assigned to a mission that relies on him to assassinate Colonel Kurtz, who is played by Marlon Brando. Although Apocalypse Now is an examination of the many terrors of society that are connected to the Vietnam War, Coppola plays much of his film off Joseph Conrad's novel The Heart of Darkness. Conrad's story focuses on Captain Marlow who is parallel to Willard and the Colonel Kurtz possesses many of the same characteristics in both works. In both works, the Captain is to find the Colonel, but Coppola makes a very significant change in his film. This significant change is the transition of Captain Marlow assigned to find Colonel Kurtz in the Congo, to Captain Willard assigned to assassinate Colonel Kurtz in Cambodia. The fact that Willard has now become an assassin of Kurtz is very important in Coppola's over all point. It especially is important for the last ten minutes of the movie when Willard actually kills Kurtz. The final scenes of the film consist of Kurtz' reading of the poem "The Hollow Men" and the interplay of Willard killing Kurtz while the Cambodian Natives kill a water buffalo in a ritualistic setting. These changes and departures of the ending of Heart of Darkness are made so Coppola can make his point about the Vietnam War and society. The point being that the Vietnam War was completely meaningless and a lost cause among several others. However, as will be shown, these points come in conflict with eachother and are difficult to ... ... of the movie is. Apocalypse Now is definitely a movie fit for an audience who wishes to be stimulated with thought overload. The movie is filled with all kinds of metaphors to the Vietnam War and parallels to Heart of Darkness. Coppola makes alterations to Heart of Darkness to achieve his own personal point that is very different from Conrad's, but his point is still not completely clear. Coppola's opposition to the war is obvious but he throws in a lot of other elements to try to add even more onto that. Coppola uses Kurtz to examine the importance of not judging, "The Hollowness of Men", and the Christlike figure of Kurtz himself. All of these are great ideas, but the ideas are just scattered throughout the movie and show no cohesiveness. However, one can still appreciate Coppola's thought-provoking ideas without completely understanding what they all mean.

On Morality Essay

What is Morality? The inevitable fore comings of being a child literally flash right before your eyes. One minute you are learning how to walk and talk and in the next you are graduating high school. We find ourselves constantly wondering where the hell all that time went. And in between all this growing up it seems we acquire a set of â€Å"morals† and â€Å"values†; merely things we tend to blame our actions and thoughts on. It’s like this illusory line comes into play where we place the good and the bad. Perhaps once you have a belief about something it becomes permanent and forever engraved in your head but I don’t think I have the particular values or perspectives on life as I once did. To think that one of a parent’s main ambitions is to produce a child and raise it to have said good morals and values. It is only slightly disturbing to think of Hitler or Stalin’s parents and wonder what happened? As an adolescent we are taught an abundance of things, but if asked to come up with pertinent examples, I think a lot of us would stutter to come up with a few. The problem is that these lessons and ideals become instilled in us therefore becoming second nature – no thought process needed. A moral is something so excruciating and hard to be defined. Everyone seems to have their own set, but how is it that the majority sees the differences between okay and not in agreement? The absence of an explanation leads me to conclude that your own values and morals are dependent upon the circumstances you are subjected to. The point that I am so desperately trying to convey is that certain situations I had to deal with as a child and a young adult have led to my morals and values consequently changing. Joan Didion once said, â€Å"I followed my own conscience. I did what I thought was right. How many mad men have said and meant it? † (On morality, 1965) A statement that is so relevant to my own thinking due to the fact that I have felt myself questioning where and how the â€Å"good and bad† contour was formed. If a mad man truly felt that a mass murder was right, and cohesive with his conscience, then who are any of us to circumscribe his well -being? When you think of this mad man in a different context, you resolve that maybe rather than being â€Å"mad† possibly, he has converted his pragmatic necessities into moral imperatives without second thought. â€Å"You see I want to be quite obstinate about insisting that we have no way of knowing – beyond that fundamental loyalty to the social code- what is â€Å"right† what is â€Å"wrong† what is â€Å"good† what is â€Å"evil†. I dwell upon this because the most disturbing aspect of morality seem to me to be the frequency with which the word now appears; in the press, on television, in the most perfunctionary kinds of conversation. † (Joan Didion, on morality) What Joan Didion and presumably I keep diverging back to is the improper use of the word. What truly matters is exactly that- the way in which you toss these words around. Words like morals and values are merely titles. The manuscript of my childhood may or may not have stayed but there are still reminiscent little bits that remind me of who I am and where I came from. So what is morality? I have no idea.

Google Financial Analysis

Google Competitive Strategy: Financial Analsis 5. Have Google’s business model and strategy proven to be successful? Should investors be impressed with the company’s financial performance? How does the company’s financial performance compare to that of Microsoft and Yahoo? Please conduct a financial analysis to support your position—you may wish to use the financial ratios presented in the Table 4. 1 of the text as a guide in doing your financial analysis of the company.Throughout the course of its life thus far as an entity, Google has enjoyed great success as one of the world’s leading search engine giants. Although the company’s operations are extremely diversified, Google has taken strides since its initial offering in 2004 to establish its dominance over competitors in Internet advertising. Google continues to add products, services, and features to its arsenal, which in turn increases traffic to their websites and gives them increased o pportunities to advertise.Google’s original stock price on the date of their IPO was $85, fast forward eight years and the stock currently trades at $761. 78. Steps such as the acquisition of YouTube in 2006, the introduction of the Android in 2008, their Google TV initiative, and the continuing development and sophistication of Google Apps, have all contributed to this almost 800% appreciation. While all of these strategic maneuvers have been more than satisfying for investors’ pockets, the bulk of Google’s earnings remain in advertising. In 2009, 96. 8% of Google’s total revenue came from advertising, over half of which were ads outside the United States. It is misleading to compare Google’s stock (GOOG) to that of Microsoft (MSFT) and Yahoo (YHOO) solely on the basis of price, since their prices are exponentially lower than Google’s because investors rely on dividend payouts rather than stock appreciation to provide returns. However, a mo re accurate depiction of performance can be observed when comparing the stock value of the three firms on a percentage change basis.From January 2006 through December 2010, Google’s stock appreciated 44. 35%. Compare this to Microsoft’s 6. 5%, Yahoo’s -57. 22%, and the S&P 500 index’s -0. 86%. This shows that not only did Google significantly outperform its two major competitors; it left the entire S&P index in the dust as well. Some other financial measures to consider are return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), and the current ratio. Return on equity is a measure of the return shareholders are earning on their investment in the company. In 2010 Google reported ROE of 20. 8%, meaning that for every dollar of equity capital, they are earning over 20%. Compare this to Yahoo’s 9. 83% and Microsoft’s 43. 76%. Generally the higher the ROE, the happier the investors are. EPS on the other hand measures the company’s earnings for e ach share of common stock outstanding. In 2010 Google boasted an EPS of $26. 69, whereas Yahoo and Microsoft reported per-share earnings of $0. 91 and $2. 13 respectively. This large gap can be attributed to the fact that Google has significantly less shares of common stock outstanding than the two competitors.Finally, the current ratio is a measure of the company’s ability to pay short-term obligations with readily available assets. In 2010 Google’s current ratio of 4. 16 nearly doubled that of Yahoo and Microsoft who reported 2. 67 and 2. 13 respectively. This ratio demonstrates Google’s superior liquidity in comparison with its competitors Not only has Google dominated market share in the industry, in 2010 Google was the world’s most-visited Internet site, with close to 147 million views each month.This goes hand in hand with the fact that people â€Å"Google† things when they need an answer, they don’t â€Å"Yahoo† a question or à ¢â‚¬Å"Bing† it. Works Cited All historical stock prices, percentages, and figures were provided by Yahoo! Finance. â€Å"AAPL: Summary for Apple Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. â€Å"GOOG: Summary for Google Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. â€Å"YHOO: Summary for Yahoo! Inc. – Yahoo! Finance. † Yahoo! Finance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013.

Overview Of Learning Styles Education Essay

This is a three-page research paper discoursing learning manners. It explains what acquisition manners are and relates them to persons. It emphasizes the importance of understanding acquisition manners. It offers descriptions of assorted larning manners. It besides draws premises about the similarities and differences. A short analysis is besides included. It relies on four beginnings presented in APA format. It is an undeniable fact that every individual is different in some manner. As a consequence, everyone learns in a somewhat different mode. Learning manners describe the ways in which people intake information most efficaciously. Academia has recognized several classs of larning manners with which most people can associate. Some people chiefly learn by utilizing one manner of cognition consumption and others use more than one ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) . There is non a specific manner or combination of manners that is more good overall, each individual benefits from the manners otherwise. Besides, people can develop their abilities in manners to which they may non be â€Å" of course † inclined. The apprehension of these larning manners allows one to larn more expeditiously and enables those who teach to develop ways to aim specific manners. History of Learning Styles At one clip schools focused on schoolroom direction and taught from books. Such traditional methods encouraged repeat, support, and reappraisal. Today, nevertheless, instruction is using a overplus of new acquisition and learning methods. ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) Teachers are get downing to recognize that working with learning manners is good for both pupils and instructors ( Revell, 2005 ) . Teachers can increase the effectivity and efficiency of direction, thereby contradicting the necessity of repeat. This allows pupils to larn more information at a faster rate. Such apprehension was obtained in the seventiess, when theories of larning manners were being developed ( Robotham, 2000 ) . The acknowledgment of a demand for different methods of learning began a new moving ridge of instruction that focused on the pupil alternatively of the content affair. Manners of Learning Learning manners take many different signifiers and concentrate on every facet of information consumption. They consider how one receives information best, in what sort of an environment one most efficaciously learns, and assorted other facets. Learning manners affect non merely the manner one takes in information, but besides what they do with that information, including how one interprets information once it is internalized. Each manner is developed in and utilizes different parts of the encephalon. By doing usage of more than one acquisition manner and affecting every bit much of the encephalon as possible in acquisition, one can break retrieve what they wish to larn ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) . There are several different acquisition manners that are widely recognized in the instruction field. Some manners have more than one name, but they all focus on basic methods of information consumption. Ocular and Aural Learning Styles Ocular, or spacial, scholars use images, images, maps, etc. to acknowledge information ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) . Ocular scholars organize information harmonizing to colour, form, and other physical features. Such scholars remember things best when they see a drawing or diagram of information. Ocular scholars retrieve faces, but are non good with names ( â€Å" Learning manners, † n.d. ) . They typically display creativeness and work good with touchable art mediums ( â€Å" Learning manners, † ) . Motion can easy deflect a ocular scholar, whereas they may be unaware of noise that surrounds them ( â€Å" Learning manners † ) . Aural, or auditory, scholars prefer to utilize sound and music to forms and colourss ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) . They arrange information to beats and melodies in order to retrieve it. Aural scholars can listen to waies and retrieve them. They remember people ‘s voices before they remember what they looked like physically or what they were have oning the last clip they saw the. Aural scholars are peculiarly sensitive to helter-skelter noises, but non to motion environing them. One of the easiest ways for aural scholars to work out jobs is by speaking them out ( â€Å" Learning manners, † n.d. ) Kinesthetic and Linguistic Learning Styles Peoples besides take in information otherwise. Kinesthetic scholars can outdo understand information by utilizing their sense of touch ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, † 2007 ) . Physically moving or transporting out exercisings is the best manner for kinaesthetic scholars to take in information. Linguistic scholars, on the other manus, understand words best. They are better attuned to speech and composing than really â€Å" making † things ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners † ) . Some people learn best when they use a combination of kinaesthetic and lingual acquisition methods. As a consequence, many pedagogues assign work that involves both reading and exercisings. Social and Solitary Learners Social and lone scholars differ in how the prefer to larn. Although this facet may be considered a penchant, instead than an operation of the encephalon, it has been observed in really immature kids that may non hold had a opportunity to do a witting penchant ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners, 2007 † ) . Social scholars prefer to larn in schoolroom scenes around many people. They like team athleticss and bask being around others ( â€Å" Overview of larning manners † ) . Lone scholars, on the other manus, like to work entirely and bask peaceable larning chances. Both can be catered to in today ‘s acquisition environments. Every individual has a different manner of taking in and retaining information. In the past few decennaries pedagogues have put more accent on the single demands of pupils. Teachers typically supply chances for pupils will all types of acquisition manners. This allows each pupil to larn in the most effectual mode possible, enabling the teacher to concentrate on larger issues. Understanding and utilizing information derived from single acquisition manners can enable a more effectual and efficient educational system.